In firearms terminology, a higher gauge number typically indicates:

In firearms terminology, a higher gauge number indicates a smaller barrel diameter. This stems from the historical method of defining gauge as the number of lead balls of a certain diameter that weighs one pound. Consequently, a 12-gauge shotgun, for instance, is designed to fit 12 lead balls per pound, while a 20-gauge fits 20. As the gauge number increases, the number of balls that can fit within the same weight decreases, leading to a smaller diameter barrel.

This understanding is fundamental in distinguishing between various shotguns and their intended uses, as the gauge directly influences factors such as recoil, pattern spread, and the types of ammunition that can be effectively utilized. Higher gauges are typically favored in applications where lighter loads and reduced recoil are beneficial.